资本之战（国语版）

资本之战／资本游戏.Le capital 2012 CCTV6HD DD2.0-448kbps

国语素材由netfan提供

调制者：yuanyiyang

视频匹配：01：53：47：872／23.976

《资本之战》法国

译制人员

翻译：邵微露

导演：吴红涓

录音：姜修竹

配音演员：

周野芒 周启勋 吴永庆 茅菁 孟宇 苗壮 张予佟 林强 王浙生 郑小璞 梦萱

技术：赵阳

制片：胡月明

监制：贾琪 李健

电影频道节目中心译制

如果你简单具备一些经济学的知识, 这部电影其实还挺不错的, 个人给到4星.

我看网上的观点大抵都是什么平民罗宾汉劫富济贫这一类的, 实际我往深处一想都有点害怕这种人: 如果不是影片赋予了上帝视角般的金手指外, 这种操作需要及其严密的布局以及详尽的计划, 他在面对一个类似四面楚歌的环境下仍能从容不迫地应对, 并且每次都能化解危机.

相信大家像我一样都被影片开头的背景交代给误导了, 以为这就是一个单纯帮老板写书的圈外素人, 实际上影片的偏1/3部分有交代他在高盛待过6年, 然后又在现在就职的这个虚拟的凤凰银行待了5年.

整部片还是要略懂一些金融知识才方便更好地理解, 影片不会去解释名词和概念, 所以可能有些人会觉得剧情推进有些快, 很多地方有些不解

其实我也只是一些很浅显的理解(很有可能我的以下描述不对, 不全对或者错误)

首先就是电影开头接任CEO, 董事会(board)给出的薪酬水平比前任要少1/3, 主角提出质疑后, 大股东提出给期权(这里的期权指的一般是期权激励)以及奖金(类似打工人的KPI).

然后新官上任三把火, 开会时提到的打算处理掉不良资产实际上是正常人思路, 因为不良资产往往伴随着坏账率(即无法兑现和偿付的部分占总不良资产的比例), 虽然较优质资产而言回报率一般更高, 但是相应的风险也更高, 这一条如果看过《大空头》(the big short 2015) 就很好理解, 例如3A级债券和2B级债券

然后由于咱们主角不肯接受作为傀儡不吭不悲的态度, 各方纷纷开始想要把主角拉下马, 此时大致可分为两派:n来自法国总部的各怀鬼胎派 以及 来自NYC的老美派

法国派开头已经交代了, 通过主角的陈述式分析了解了各人的性格与偏好;n老美派则人如其国很直接地想要吞并蚕食法国派, 以此来更好地进入欧洲市场

首先是老美派出了一个很骚气的招式, 打算融资收购凤凰银行n这里可以理解为A找B借钱, 然后用于购买B, 之后B作为A的子公司, 利润也会归入母公司, 再以此来偿还债务, 形成闭环, 实现在当下不花钱或者少花钱买入资产, 后期再用公司盈利去偿还债务的计划, 这是很划算的行为, 因为你在花(用)未来的钱来生钱(子公司业务产生利润).n但是大伙要注意, 信用卡超前消费一般不算, 例如买衣服鞋子包包, 贷款买车跑滴滴勉强可以算(但这不是一个好例子, 我词穷了)

主角离开老美后立马就和法国派摊牌, 商量应对策略, 最后决定通过裁员的方式来拉抬股价.n这里简单说一下为什么裁员能够在短期内拉抬股价: 正常的行业/公司, 都有一个行业大概的利润率, 股价波动可能短期很大, 但是一般来说没有特别事件/变化之下, 营收和利润基本不会暴涨暴跌, 而股价一般来说部分因素也是看基本面的, 所以在这种情况之下, 开源和节流是两种方式, 开源(营收)不能快速增长的话, 那么节流(控制成本)就成为另一个选择, 而且是企业自主性很高的选择, 纵然地区/国家有规定或者限制(例如片中提到的工会顾问), 企业仍然具有非常大的自主权.

而银行做的是钱生钱的生意, 所以基本上裁员造成的损失是要小于这个影响带来的利润收入减少的. 从财报角度来看, 营收 - 成本 = 利润, 成本降了, 财报一下子好看了, 价值计算模型会发生变化, 最终会反映到股价上(这不是100%绝对的, 否则大家都是股神).

主角厉害的一点是把裁员和自己的首秀绑在了一起, 高调地通过曲解信息美其名曰关爱和共同成长, 用员工之手(调察问卷等)来裁掉了部分不得人心的其他员工/管理层, 还给大家留下了印象.

这时候裁员完成, 对老美那边来说, 股价上去了, 股东收益体现了(虽然没卖之前都只是账面浮盈); 对法国派来说, 维护了银行和自己的现状, 银行没被老美们恶意收购, 产生了双赢局面, 俩一致同意让主角继续干着先.

主角厉害的点在于他很早就安排了厉害的角色通过跟踪和侦察去收集两方面人物们的情报. 还有一个点是这货居然有空会看Michael Mao(毛主席)的书... 现在明白这个片为啥上CCTV电影频道了(doge), 有空真得读读毛选才行

关于洗钱这块儿的内容, 我不是很理解, 也不是很确定.n另外电影里会穿插一些闪回的主角想象出来的内容, 这部分个人感觉不太好, 可能是想要凸显出人无完人这类性质吧. 包括黑女欲擒故纵那段, 我一直觉得是老美下的套, 包括最后主角下车时说的这女的 "不是欠他的钱而是欠该银行的钱", 这句我也不是很理解.

现在身边这个15年的好朋友跟老美勾搭上了, 老美出第二招, 让这个凤凰银行去收购一个日本银行.

这块儿电影里面可能是怕看不懂, 特意将原理展示了两遍, 大致的意思是:n这个日本银行光鲜亮丽的外表下实际内在存在着大量的不良资产, 而老美们的基金是该银行的大股东. 这个时候这个例子就从上面我所说的A收购B一下子变成反过来了: 我是日本银行的大股东, 你要收购日本银行就变成你来买我手里的股票, 然后我就股票变现了(变成了现金). 这个时候我再到市场上去散播去揭露这个银行不良资产的实际情况等内幕, 等到市场上大家都明白过来你真金白银收购了一个烂摊子, 那么你的股价很有可能下跌(溢价收购和坏账率等综合因素), 此时, 我再以手头上的现金大量买入你公司的股票, 一个是完成了一次完美的高卖低买, 一个是获得更多的股份进而到控制权(视公司而规定不同).

而这种情况如果出现, 一般来说CEO都是引咎辞职的, 也就是呆不下去了, 企业, 大股东, 股民, 三输, 始作俑者得利.

关于主角如何将前任ceo的女儿高管wipeout的部分, 由于不确定中文字幕的准确性, 我也不太懂, 一个思路就是钱被那个经手人偷走了, 另一个思路则是主角的计策引致, 个人偏向于前者. (感觉很多法国老头长相都差不多...doge)

后面就是主角对于老美派强烈要求收购日本银行的回应了: 虚与委蛇地同意收购日本银行, 同时透露从老美那边得来的行动信息给法国派这边的大股东老头(属于双面间谍了这是), 同时录下了一系列不带有自身信息的视频证据. 然后就是出企业通告给媒体, 使股价按预期计划下跌, 这属于内幕交易, 违法行为. 法国老头股东也很给力, 借股票下跌的时候买入拉盘(股票价格一般由市场供需关系左右, 一定时间内总数量下买盘多于卖盘则会带动股价上涨, 反之亦然).

对于主角来说, 这种行为算护盘, 对公司和对他这个职位都有好处. 而对于法国老头来说, 自己本身是行业内, 了解公司情况, 也知道了接下来会发生什么, 所以买入对他来说有金钱利益上的好处: 老美如果买入股价持续上升, 他可以卖出获利, 即使最后老美没有买, 而他本来就知道主角不会真的收购日本银行, 那公司基本面就没发生什么变化, 股价下跌时买入显然是有预期上的利润差. 对于老美来说, 股价上涨他想要买入的成本就变高, 就不一定划算了(因为看老美派的出招一系列操作都以赚快钱为主要目标, 如果假设股价过高或者已经反应了公司足够多的价值, 那么此时买不一定划算).

老美们恼羞成怒, 知道肯定是主角使坏, 遂提出要告男主使其牢底坐穿, 此时主角也摊牌了, 直接证据一摊你要来就玉石俱焚, 迫使老美放弃了这个想法, 权衡利弊之下, 一换一肯定不是优选.

后1/3其实剧情走向上的转折还是挺多的, 中间的1/3一直为主角捏一把汗, 看他被黑女吸引的团团转而不可得, 看他没什么策略像无头苍蝇一样替他着急(基本上解释主角的行为和布局串联都放在了后1/3, 感觉导演是有意而为之), 开始以为主角最后就像穷小子上金銮殿一样最后打回原形, 中途以为主角辞职了之后会整理这些内容写成书, 最后发现这货最后又回去当CEO了, 这次估计能当很久, 主要对手都给他干了个遍, 估计都没啥阻碍了都.

---

最后说一下我对于这个罗宾汉这种说法的看法, 我看完这部片子, 得益于我浅显的经济学知识, 我并不觉得这是一个罗宾汉类的行为, 可能由于这些东西离剧中的普通人(例如男主的叔叔)太远太远. 实际上, 这些人的亏损或得利对普通人产生什么实质性的影响吗?(我是说就男主大战群雄并最后获胜的整个故事下), 他的3x伤害理论实际上大部分人是意识不到的, 因为强加到个人身上, 会很明显, 但是放到群体上, 则会被所谓的"公平"所自然淡化.

导演本身想要表达的可能就是一种夸大了对我们的时代（当然不仅仅是金融世界）的反讽。这里面有绝对不留情面的尖锐，也有恰到好处的真诚。在男主一步步从被操控到操控的过程中，观者也可以看到他的挣扎和犹豫；而这正是我们的时代里个人利益和大众利益最普遍的一种冲突（无非在大多数情况下并不涉及那么多的资本）。最后的结尾看似稍弱，但不失为一个聪明的选择。如果发力太猛，反而会让影片显得沉重；而导演似乎一直在避免一种沉重——无论是抒情或是批判，在片中最终总会被一个轻描淡写的托辞或镜头带走。（巾城）

I have a friend, whom I liked very much and still would like to like.

He is a high school classmate of mine, but I guess we were never really close in high school, for whatever reason that I have always had a clue about but never wanted to acknowledge.

Anyway, we got closer when we were in college, different colleges, with mine in our hometown and his in the capital. So we got close when we were actually apart.

Come to think of it, the thing that tightened the bond was our momentarily converged misunderstandings of what the other person was like.

I found him a guy who wanted to get "the best education", someone who was seemingly interested not only in having the ability to make a living, or even to make money, but in excelling in the one thing he had set his mind to, which could well make a contribution to the actual human civilization and benefit all the ordinary human beings around the world. Something that would make the lives of all people, everywhere, better, instead of something that only feeds the rich while buries the poor, aggrandizes the strong while exploits the weak.

Somehow, somewhere along the way, he got sucked into an operation. It is an operation that tries to turn everybody into a whore, who sells his or her body and soul for a trinket, an item, a product, an asset, a piece of "real" estate, a "portfolio", a life style, a particular "aspiration", or specific kinds of members of the opposite sex, things that he would never want or need, and people whom he would never be interested in, had he still lived in the Eden.

Yet he lives in the world. He hears, reads, and sees. They tell him what he should need or want. He wants to be liked, loved, and esteemed. They tell him how he should achieve these, and they tell everyone what the person is like whom you should like, love, and who demands your esteem.

He bought it, and he turned. He thought reality rules, and since the reality is different from what he had thought, he'd better want something else.

In this way, the operation succeeded. It made him think the things they want him to want are really what he wants himself.

No better whore than this. Willingly, qualm-lessly, doubtlessly, never with hurt pride but always with judgmental arrogance, and with the everyone cheering him on, with unfeigned admiration.

I know he has defense for it: "You know, what am I supposed to do? Judging from the way you speak of 'the operation', you know how it works - it crushes those who refuse it, and awards those who join. I have a life to live, and I even want to make something out of it. I cannot afford the sorry existence you proscribed."

And he would tell me: "You just never grew up. You live in your shell and you had the shame to tell me how I should live my life in the real world? You know nothing of it."

Protest I would: "My dear dear friend, you know me. I had bared my all to you, as you knew. Not that I ever put up much disguise. You and I shared something that others would never with us. We know where we come from. We know our roots. We know what we were. We know our history, our origin, our genesis.

"In more practical words, we know what we really were and still are, had 'the operation''s devastation never occurred or even occurred.

"You know, my dear friend, I would never look down upon you. Sharing what we shared, it is simply impossible for me to look down upon one of my own. I treat you all not simply as my brothers and sisters, but as my alter-egos. It is a bond that would never break. I would fulminate, I would curse, I would berate, but I would always love."

Then he would retort: "That is disingenuous. You never lived. After all the backstabbing, the double-dealing, the about-face, much of which I experienced with my 'alter-egos', I doubt you could still 'love'."

I would again appeal: "Would those happen if all of you were still in Eden, instead of in the 'operation'? Think on it, my other self. Think on it. Your sufferings you have made yourself. Your fate you sealed yourself. And your grave you dug yourself.

"And you call my existence 'sorry'? Well, I concede it is. But so is yours. And my sorriness is because of your sorriness; it is caused by your sorriness. You can say I have never lived, but had you, all of you, refused to be fuel to the operation, I might have, with every one of you, lived in a new Eden that would put to shame the previous lesser evil of one."

He would not be moved: "You are babbling. The operation has no mercy. Before you can have enough power to kill it, it always wins. You join, or you die. Simple as that. And I do not want to die. I like my life, my entry-level luxury car, my new apartment, my girlfriend who really knows how to dress and how to make love, my nights out in the city, my shopping in the boutiques, my web-ordered consumer products mailed to me, and, you know what is the best of it? The sense of being accepted and loved, when you know you have a position in the world, and that your folks would not worry about you, and you have a family to come home to, and your family and friends even get together sometimes not for any specific purpose, just to feel good.

"I love all of that, and I have no intention of ever abandoning any of it for your life, as if you even had one. You know what, do not talk to me about this any more. There is no point. I just love what I love. I just want what I want. I only care about if I am happy. Yes, I only care about myself. I said it. If they give what I am doing a meaning, or give it a purpose or a cover of 'righteousness', telling me as well as everyone else what I am doing is of value and right, I am all the happier for it. But even if they do not, which never happens, I am still all for it. As long as it gets me through the day, I do not care if it satisfies my conscience or fools it, is truthful about its purpose or lies about it. As long as I do not feel a qualm about it, I do not care about what I do or what it does to others. Of course, I'll always believe and say I am doing it for the right purpose, because, in the final analysis, whether it is actually right or whether it is right with caveats and nuances do not matter, what matters is if I can make myself believe in it, heart and soul, with no caveats, sans nuances, never second-guessing.

"I wish I never had this conversation with you. And I wish I never had this 'Eden' experience with you, giving you all the pretext for chatting me up a storm for this nonsense about what I want. Just so you know, I did not know what I wanted back then, which I guess is what made it so Eden for you, but I know what I want right now because I've grown up! The more people grow up, the more clearly they know what they want.

"You know what, I admit this is an operation. I have always known. Don't you think you know more than me. The difference between us is that you are deluded; you think wrong. You think just by standing on the sideline you are doing anything about it? No, you are not. But I, working my way up the ladder, who knows, maybe some day I can even do something about it!

"End of conversation. Go back to your desert. I am busy. You know, you are such a hypocrite: the movies are what we consume, we people of the operation, it is our reward and fodder for our having done another day's worth of hard work, another day of triumphant operation conducting, and you lap up this stuff that you so despise, even in your purported desolate existence? You know, because of this hypocrisy of yours I just discovered, I conclude everything you just said is wrong. What you said is all nonsense. Bye. And do not contact me again."

But I know I would. He is my brother and alter-ego after all.

And I would say to him: "Bro, I need my telescope into the operation. Do not blame me. I know I am being a voyeur, what you might even consider an impotent voyeur, but I am just not of the temperament for the operation. Maybe that is the reason that I never turned. You can blame me for the grandstanding that is because of my incapability of even making myself do the operation's work, but heed the logos I want to make known to you, and do not let it be discounted by the mortal being I am.

"You've grown up, my dear friend, no doubt. I've seen your growing up, just as you have seen mine. You sound you knew what you want. I only hope it is really what you want. You say you see more clearly which implies you have always had an inkling. But no one could possibly know it before he has an education, which is administered by the world, but ultimately interpreted by himself. You have chosen the lens you are wearing, but you can always make another choice, and it is never too late."

***

This film really made me think of this high school classmate and friend of mine. We have not been in contact for what I consider a very long time. Yet the uncanny similarity is not lost in the least bit to me between him and the antagonist of the film -

How someone who once did a PhD, wanted to teach, to write books, and to win the Nbl Prz, is sucked into the operation, and in his fight against its indiscriminate all-devouring internecine destructiveness, triumphed a Pyrrhic triumph, abandoning his last thread of innocence and becoming himself a captain of the operation's own self-perpetuity.

Neither was idealistic in the first place. Both placed glitz (that is why the Nbl Prz) over substance, stylishness over simpleness, and how other people think of him over how he thinks of himself.

Yet neither was a natural born killer, a cold-blooded purebred operative of the operation. Both still has humanity left, only that it might not shine through or even occur to them anymore. Ironically, at the same time they are not being ashamed for their lack of it, they make justifications for their having more of it, their being more humane than others.

The antagonist even used the very action, off-shoring, which profaned humanity in both his own country and others', to pretend his love for all mankind and to feign his doing God's work.

Contrary to what people often think, globalization, instead of being the cure of poverty, is actually the true cause of it. It was never driven by the "invisible hand" even if such a thing ever existed. It was driven by geo-political reality and the innate cancerous expansionist framework of the modern Western civilization.

As how a cancer works, the Western civilization could only survive as long as it can expand (its expression of the day is through economic expansion). The moment the host cannot sustain its growth anymore, the cancer dies along with the host.

The rapaciousness and ruthlessness of the banks in the film illustrates well the advancement of this cancer. In its wake, no one gains anything of value, except for the vain and ephemeral glitz, but as it passes, everywhere are littered the dead bodies of everyone.

Had the countries been left to develop on their own, they would never be forced to compete with the lowest denominator of wages, and they would never be forced to build nuclear ICBMs instead of investing in better living conditions for their people.

Even after they had joined the operation, the lion's share of the profits has never been given back to their workers, not even to the collaborating compradors, not even to the governments themselves of the exporting countries, it is used to buy "peace" from the "super power", or in more uglier terms, to buy the protection of the neighbourhood mafiosi who has an overwhelming power and lust to destroy, and thus runs the whole racket.

This is what Capitalism has come to. A shake-down.

As it stands, the operation is all powerful, and it will be in the foreseeable future. No one can be spared, either of its destructiveness, or of his own complicity. But it will not sustain. Its day of reckoning will come.

Fatalistic as it sounds, we cannot afford to be existentialists. We need to fight, and we have to win - our very survival depends on it; the cancer must be stopped, or the host dies.

***

I am amazed by the film. I've watched a lot of them, though now not nearly as frequently as then. I would attest, a film of such political incisiveness is hard to come by.

Costa-Gavras is the director of the film, whom I admit, in all my previous film-watching career, I have never come across once. I looked him up. Natrually, a man of such intellectual stature and insight would be perpetually kept in obscurity. Neither notoriety nor fame. Apparent mediocrity, or better yet, obscurity, is the seal of choice against such dangerous minds.

Sure, a better seal is death, but that has often been reserved for the clear and present danger, though nowadays the lines are murky.

Costa-Gavras has filmed a dozen films, spanning half a century, most of which are about politics, and provocative politics at that. See his films, and walk on the road of facing the truth courageously, instead of only facing your own self-interests and just the 5 minutes of it.

法国凤凰银行的男主，在总裁得癌症后被提为新总裁，然而薪资待遇又低又苛刻，被董事会和前总裁当成临时提替身，该银行的大股东却是美国人，企图操纵他达到自己的各种目的，在此期间男主一直头脑清醒，处理的游刃有余。中间穿插着黑人超模的欲情故纵，令他始终不能得逞，在认定对方为妓女的情况下，为了满足自己的欲望给了她100万殴。最终，美国人要求他收购资产不良日本的银行，矛盾激化，男主一边和美国人周旋，一边收集内幕交易的证据，美国人本计化在重大利空促使凤凰股价大跌时，乘机用收购的钱买入更多的凤凰取得绝对控制，然而男主却在一开始就聘请了私人侦探帮他查周围人，从同事到董事会，掌握他们的动向，厘清敌我。最后男主按照事先计划迫使自己公司股价大跌，却在暗中将这件内幕交易透露给另一位大股东，并在美国人下手前买足了股票，凤凰银行借此反而摆脱了美国人的控制，同时对黑模男主也终于强硬得逞。由于有证据在手，美国人并没有拿男主怎样，男主在主动辞职后，又被大股东请回继续担任总裁。